This comparison is a particularly striking example of a widespread language__Malay loanword that has acquired cognate morphology in such widely separated languages as language__Ilokano, language__Tagalog and language__Malagasy, and could easily be mistaken for a native word if irregularities in the sound correspondences did not expose its historically secondary status. Based on data from language__Javanese, language__Malay, language__Ngaju Dayak the clearly irregular language__Malagasy form, and language__Fijian sevaki Dempwolff (1938) reconstructed *sipak ‘kick’.
| WMP | ||
| Ilokano | ag-sípa | to play this game |
| sípa | hacky sack: a kind of boys’ game that consists of standing in a circle and kicking up a small, light ball, keeping it in the air as long as possible | |
| sipá-en | to kick | |
| Tagalog | sípaɁ | a kick; a striking with the foot; a game using a rattan ball and consisting of an exchange of kicks to keep the ball aloft |
| máni-nípaɁ | a kicker (said of horses that are prone to kick) | |
| sipáɁ-in | to kick | |
| Maranao | sipaɁ | rattan ball; game in which rattan ball is used; to kick |
| Iban | sipak | kick up in the air |
| Malay | sepak raga | game of kicking a basketball with the side of the foot |
| sepak | striking out with the leg; kicking aside; spurning out of the way | |
| Ngaju Dayak | sepak | a rattan ball about the size of a coconut; one throws it in the air, and then in competition must try to keep it aloft with either hands or feet, not letting it touch the ground |
| Sundanese | sepak | a backward kick (as of a horse) |
| ñepak | kick backward with the foot or leg | |
| Old Javanese | a-sepak | to kick (esp. with the hind legs, of a horse) |
| Javanese | sépak-an | that which is kicked |
| sépak bola | soccer game | |
| sépak raga | soccer game | |
| ñépak | to kick | |
| Bahasa Indonesia | sepak | kick (forward or to the side) |
| sepak raga | a game played with a ball woven of rattan, using the foot and head (to keep it aloft) | |
| Balinese | sépak | to kick (of man or horse) |
| Malagasy | vua-tsípaka | kicked at |
| tsipáh-ina | to be kicked | |
| ma-nípaka | to kick | |