ACD - Austronesian Comparative Dictionary Online

*kulaC bracket fungus, Polyporus spp.

PAN kulaC bracket fungus, Polyporus spp. ⇫ ¶

Form.
Puyuma	kuɭaT	Polyporus sulfurus, bracket fungus
WMP
Merap	kluə̯ʔ	mushroom

PMP kulat₂ bracket fungus, Polyporus spp. ⇫ ¶

WMP
Isneg	kúlāt	an edible, white bracket fungus whose edges are entire (eating it cures some types of skin disease); often used comprehensively for all polypores or bracket fungi
Agta (Central Cagayan)	kulat	a mushroom that grows from a dead tree
Agta (Dupaningan)	kulat	a mushroom that grows from a dead tree
Kankanaey	kulát	Schizophyllum commune, a small white abundant on wood ( = Polyporaceae, a group of fungi living mostly on trees, and often more or less tongue-shaped or fan shaped
Ibaloy	kodat	kind of edible mushroom that grows on dried wood, grayish white in color
Ilokano	kúlat	bracket fungi
Tagalog	kúlat ~ kulat-kúlat	a kind of fungus
Tboli	kulót	Cookeina, Octospora, or Sarcosoma, an edible fungus found on fallen logs
Manobo (Western Bukidnon)	kulat	generic for edible mushrooms
Tiruray	kulot	a general term for mushroom; a mushroom, Polyporus sanguineus Linn.
Tombonuwo	kulat	mushroom
Kadazan Dusun	kuhat	mushroom
Ida'an Begak	kulat	kulat
Murut (Paluan)	kulat	mushroom
Murut (Tagol)	kulat	mushroom
Lun Dayeh	kulat	mushroom
Kiput	kulaat	mushroom
Acehnese	kulat	toadstool, fungus
Sa'ban	loət	mushroom
Abai Sembuak	kulat	mushroom
Kelabit	kulat	mushroom, toadstool
Melanau (Mukah)	kulat	fungus, mushroom
Iban	ŋulat	to collect edible fungus, go mushrooming
	batu kulat	noxious talisman
	kulat	fungus, toadstool, mushroom (many varieties, both poisonous and edible)
Malay	ber-kulat	to be moldy
	kulat	mushroom; fungus
Kayan	kulat	fungus; mushroom (general term for fungus)
Sasak	kulat	bracket fungus that grows on trees (many varieties, both poisonous and edible)
Malagasy	hula-báratra	probably a kind of mushroom growing immediately after rain ( = ‘lightning’)
	húlatra	a generic name for fungi
CMP
Yamdena	na-kulat	overgrown with moss
	kulat	toadstool; sponge; moss on trees, stones, etc.
Tetun	kulat	mushrooms, edible fungi

PWMP ma-kulat (gloss uncertain) ⇫ ¶

WMP
Lun Dayeh	me-kulat	full of mushrooms; infested with fungus
Acehnese	urɯəŋ mɯ-kulat	preparer of poison

Reconstructions

PAN	kulaC	bracket fungus, Polyporus spp.
PMP	kulat₂	bracket fungus, Polyporus spp.
PWMP	ma-kulat	(gloss uncertain)

Note

Also Mongondow kuleʔ ‘toadstool; also address term to small children’, kuleʔ-ña ‘a refined term for the female genitals (puki and abolon are crude equivalents)’. Dempwolff (1938) reported this comparison only for Malay, Ngaju Dayak and Malagasy, and gave it the generalized gloss ‘Pilz’ (mushroom). However, it is now clear that *kulaC was found in PAn, and that the meaning was specifically ‘Polyporus spp.’, that is, ‘wood ears’, or bracket fungi that grow as saprophytes on decaying logs, a meaning that is supported by reflexes extending from Taiwan to Lombok. The term that denoted this specific referent was later generalized to all mushrooms in Tiruray, Malagasy, and apparently other languages, such as Kadazan Dusun, or to all edible mushrooms, as in Manobo (Western Bukidnon), even though it refers to both edible and poisonout varieties in other languages, as in Iban and Sasak.