ACD - Austronesian Comparative Dictionary Online

*-ni proximal spatio-temporal deixis: this, here; now

PAN -ni proximal spatio-temporal deixis: this, here; now ⇫ ¶

Form.
Seediq	nii	here, now, this
Seediq (Truku)	nii	here, now, this
WMP
Bisaya	nih	that
Berawan (Long Terawan)	nih	that (sp)
Berawan (Long Jegan)	nay	that
Malagasy	ito-ny	this
CMP
Adonara	ni	this
OC
Duke of York	ni	this
Uruava	ni	this
Tongan	ni	this, these; now

PAN di-ni here ⇫ ¶

Form.
Seediq (Truku)	d-nii	the group here
Seediq	d-nii	the group here
Pazeh	di-ni	here
WMP
Tagalog	diní	here
Mamanwa	dini	here
Blaan (Koronadal)	dini	here
Blaan	dini	here
Kenyah (Long Anap)	d-ini	here (= 'at here'; cp. 'to here')
Kenyah	d-ini	here (= 'at here'; cp. 'to here')

PAN i-ni this; here ⇫ ¶

Form.
Saisiyat	h-ini	this; here
Pazeh	im-ini	this
Amis	ini	here, near at hand
Rukai (Budai)	ku-ini	that (near hearer)
Rukai (Tona)	ak-ini	that (near hearer)
Rukai	ku-ini	that (near hearer)
	ak-ini	that (near hearer)
Proto-Puyuma	ini	this
WMP
Tsat	ni³³	this
Kapampangan	iní	this
Chamorro	guini	here, in this place
Hiligaynon	iní	this
Palawan Batak	ʔini	here
Cebuano	íni	be here
Maranao	ini	this, these
Kalagan	ini	this; here
Kenyah	ini	this
Kelabit	inih	this
Merap	nɛyʔ	this
Sangir	ini	this, these
Malay	ini	demonstrative suggesting precision or nearness
Muna	ini	this
Sundanese	ini	this
Sasak	ini	this
Malagasy	iny	that, this. It is always used of something thoroughly known to both speaker and spoken to
Bikol	iní	this, these
CMP
Fordata	ini	this; here
Adonara	ni	this
OC
Marshallese	in	this
Nggela	ini	these
Sa'a	ini	that
Arosi	ini	this; here

PAN ia-ni this; here ⇫ ¶

Form.
Atayal	iani	this; here; now
WMP
Mansaka	yani	this
Malagasy	izany	that; this; these
OC
Nggela	iani	here; like this
Anuta	ie-ni	here, in this place

PWMP ka-i-ni now ⇫ ¶

WMP
Cebuano	kiní	this
Subanen/Subanun	k-ini	this
Subanun (Sindangan)	k-ini	this
Kenyah (Long Anap)	k-ini	here (= 'to here')
Kenyah	k-ini	here (= 'to here')
	k-ini	in this place
Kelabit	kinih	now; this way
Malay	kini	this; thus; thus far; now
	ka-ini	this; thus; thus far; now
Bikol	ka-iní	this, these

PAN qa-ni this; here ⇫ ¶

Form.
Atayal	qani	this, these; here
WMP
Kayan (Uma Juman)	anih	this
Kayan	anih	this
Malagasy	ány	there (distant and unseen)
OC
Arosi	ani	that one; there (referring to objects out of sight)

PWMP si-ni here ⇫ ¶

WMP
Aborlan Tagbanwa	s-ini	here
Sangil	s-ini	here
Kayan (Uma Juman)	hini-h	here
Malay	sini	here; this way; this place
Kayan	hini-h	here

Reconstructions

PAN	-ni	proximal spatio-temporal…
PAN	di-ni	here
PAN	i-ni	this; here
PAN	ia-ni	this; here
PWMP	ka-i-ni	now
PAN	qa-ni	this; here
PWMP	si-ni	here

Note

Also Proto-Puyuma *kani ‘here’, Tsou, Kisar, Nggela eni ‘this’ (all from *ia-ni with sporadic contraction?), Numfor ine ‘these; this’, Wuvulu feni ‘this’. Chamorro ini ‘this (demonstrative pronoun)’ appears to reflect *qini, but may show irregular resistance to gw-epenthesis which is motivated by a need to distinguish the demonstrative and adverbial senses of earlier *i-ni. Proto-Puyuma *kani ‘here’, Cebuano anhi ‘here, in this place’, may reflect *ka-ni, a form that was identical to *ka-i-ni, without the generic locative marker *i, and *si-ni may derive form *sa ‘nonfocus marker of location’ plus *i-ni.