ACD - Austronesian Comparative Dictionary Online

*qaRus current, flow

PMP qaRus current, flow ⇫ ¶

WMP
Itbayaten	ayos-an	brook
Ibatan	ayos	current
Ilokano	árus	to drift; to drive, to carry (as currents do)
Tagalog	ágos	flow of liquid, or direction of current
Cebuano	águs	ooze, flow out slowly (as pus from a wound)
Binukid	agus	for poison, etc. to spread through (a body of water)
Maranao	agos	outlet of pond or lake
Melanau (Mukah)	aus	current of air, as from someone blowing through a tube
Simalur	alus	pulling, dragging (said of rivers)
	alus-alus	name of a river on the south coast of the island of Simalur
Iban	arus	current (in stream)
Malay	harus	current (in sea or river)
Nias	mo-ho-hou	run, stampede (of a crowd of people)
	ho-hou	current (in a river)
	hou	current (in the sea)
Banjarese	harus	current
Ngaju Dayak	asoh	downward flow of a river
Mandar	arus	current
Buginese	aruʔ	weep hard
Makassarese	arusuʔ	current, flow; gulf stream
Lampung	haxus	current (of river)
Old Javanese	hos	exerting oneself, (moving) with difficulty, going heavily, heavy (heart, breathing)
Javanese	os-os	let something escape through an opening (as the air from a tire)
Balinese	ahus	an air-current, draught
Sasak	arus	current (in the sea)
SHWNG
Kowiai/Koiwai	larus	current
OC
Hawaiian	au	current; movement, eddy, tide, motion; to move, drift, float, walk, hurry, stir; succession or train, as of thought
Chuukese	éwú-	(in compounds only) current, flow (of water)
	éwút-	current (at sea), eddy
Nukuoro	au	the generic term for the major types of currents in the open sea
Kapingamarangi	au	current
Tuvaluan	au	sea current
Motu	aru	current of river or sea; to flow, to rush, of a crowd
Bunama	ʔalusa	current
Mailu	aru-ai	to drift
	aru-aru	to flow
Tubetube	kalus-i	current (in the sea)
Anuta	au	ocean current
Mota	ar	currents in the sea between Mota and Gaua
	ar gaua	carries to Gaua
Samoan	au-ŋa	flow; succession
	au	flow on, roll on; continue; current; stream; carry (in the hand)
	au-au	current
Fijian	yau	carry, bring
Tongan	ʔau	current, stream; (of pus) to ooze out, flow (but blood is said to ); (of a boil, etc.) to give out pus
Rarotongan	au	a current, as of a river or of the ocean; the wake of a boat or ship
Maori	au	current, wake of a canoe; rapid; whirlpool

PWMP taqi qaRus driftwood and scum lit. 'refuse of the current' ⇫ ¶

WMP
Malay	tahi harus	driftwood and scum in a tideway
Makassarese	tai arusuʔ	kind of black, slippery and shiny seaweed from which whips or armrings are made

Reconstructions

PMP	qaRus	current, flow
PWMP	taqi qaRus	driftwood and scum lit.…

Note

Also Isneg áyus ‘to flow, to stream, to run’, Kankanaey áyus ‘to flow; to pour; to run; to stream; to gush; to trickle’, Kapampangan águs ‘current’, Melanau (Mukah) arus ‘flow of water’, Kambera arihu ‘current’, Niue āu ‘current’. Reduplicated reflexes of *qaRus occur in several widely separated languages, but since these have no known common referent I treat them as convergent innovations.

PMP *qaRus clearly meant ‘current’ (either of rivers or the sea), but also appears to have functioned verbally in the meaning ‘to flow’. Agreements in widely separated reflexes suggest that in its verbal sense *qaRus referred to a viscous, slow, heavy movement, probably in contrast to a rushing flow of liquid (PMP *deRes). Thus both Cebuano águs and Tongan ʔau refer to the oozing of pus (the latter in explicit contrast to the flowing of blood), and Nias mo-ho-hou and Motu aru refer to the slowly flowing movement of crowds of people. Given these agreements the argument that Old Javanese hos ‘exerting oneself, (moving) with difficulty, going heavily, heavy (heart, breathing)’ belongs with this set is significantly enhanced.