Also Gitua manum ‘bird’.

Also Isneg anúʔ ‘the barnyard fowl or chicken’, an-anúʔ ‘a general name for birds’, Malay manok-manok ‘a tree: sp. unident.’, Karo Batak anuk-anuk ‘bird (generic)’, 'Āre'āre mānu ‘bird, insect, said of anything that flies’. This semantic history of this form is discussed in Blust (2002), where it is noted that PMP *manuk clearly meant ‘chicken’, and the generic term for ‘bird’ was formed from it by reduplication as *manuk-manuk, or possibly *manu-manuk. In Proto-Oceanic, however, *manuk had already shifted its sense from ‘chicken’ to ‘bird’, and the reduplicated form came to mean ‘insect, small flying creatures other than birds’. Whether the Basai and Trobiawan terms in Taiwan are native or loans from a Philippine source during the Spanish occupation of northern Taiwan from 1626 to 1642 remains an open question, although the fact that they mean ‘bird’, while nearly all unreduplicated forms in Philippine languages mean ‘chicken’ supports the view that they are native, and that *manuk can thus be assigned to PAn, presumably in the meaning ‘chicken’ (next to *qayam ‘bird’).

Given its modern implications this form probably is a product of independent development.

An affixed form *manuk-en can be posited for Proto-Philippines, but it is unclear what this word meant. Reflexes in Ilokano, Tagalog and Tausug evidently derive from the sponsorship and betting that typically take place in cockfighting, but the antiquity of cockfighting in the Austronesian world remains uncertain (Blust 2002:96-98). Reflexes in Casiguran Dumagat and Ibaloy suggest what is perhaps an older meaning, namely the taking of omens from the flight of birds or examination of the entrails of chickens. The meaning ‘crosseyed’, which is shared by Bikol and Maranao is distinct from either of these, but is not sufficiently widely attested to attribute to Proto-Philippines.