ACD - Austronesian Comparative Dictionary Online

*peNuq full, of a container

PAN peNuq full (of a container) ⇫ ¶

Form.
Paiwan	ma-pelʸuq	to be filled, become filled
	se-pelʸuq	to overfill
	p<n>elʸuq	to fill something
WMP
Itbayaten	a-pno	idea of being filled up
Isneg	pannó	full, fullness
Ibaloy	pe-pno-en	to fill something, as a cup
Pangasinan	panó	to fill to overflowing
Umiray Dumaget	pino	full
Tagalog	punóʔ	full, filled, rife
Abaknon	pannoʔ	full (of a container); filled
Hanunóo	punúʔ	full
Tboli	hnok	to fill up (as a glass with water); full (as a sack full of corn)
	hnok	to fill up (as a glass with water)
Aklanon	punóʔ	full; to fill up (as a bottle with liquid)
Waray-Waray	puno-á	to fill to capacity
Hiligaynon	punúʔ	full to capacity
	mag-punúʔ	to fill to capacity
Moken	penu	full; flowing, of tide
Cebuano	púnuʔ	filled, full; covered with something; fill up a container or space
Binukid	punuʔ	to fill up (a container or a space)
Maranao	penoʔ	fill up (as a grave with dirt)
Manobo (Western Bukidnon)	penuʔ	to fill something
Klata	ponnuʔ	full
Tiruray	fenoʔ	to be full
Yakan	pennoʔ	full (as a suitcase full of clothes); to fill something with something
Mapun	pannoʔ	to be full (as a jar, room, container, airplane, etc.); to have more than enough (with regard to wealth)
Kadazan Dusun	ponuʔ	to fill; to be full
Kiput	pənauʔ	full, as a container
Berawan (Long Terawan)	pəno	full
Tarakan	panoh	full
Acehnese	peunòh	full, as a rice field full of water; laden
	buleuën peunòh	full moon
Abai Sembuak	fanuʔ	full
Kenyah	pənoʔ	full
Kelabit	penuʔ	full (as a basket or bag)
Kayan (Uma Juman)	pənu	full
Melanau (Mukah)	pənuʔ	full
Simalur	əno-e	to fill, as a bamboo water container
Iban	penoh	fill; be full (as a jar full of rice beer)
Malay	penoh	full, replete
	penoh tepat	brimful, full to the brim
Dampelas	ponu	full, as a container
Kayan	pənu	full
Pendau	ponu	full, as a container
Uma	ponuʔ	full
Tae'	ponno	full, filled
Mandar	panno	full
	panno-i	to fill up
Muna	pono	full, as a honey jar full of ants
Makassarese	panno	full
Lampung	penuh	full
Old Javanese	penuh	full; filling, filling all; complete in number; in masses, in droves
Javanese	penuh	full
	menuh	to fulfill
Balinese	penuh	be full of
Sasak	penoʔ	full
Proto-Bungku-Tolaki	pono	full
Bikol	panóʔ-pánoʔ	very full; crowded, packed, teeming
	panóʔ	full, crowded
Malagasy	feno	full, complete
	feno manta	brimful, wastefully running over (as a cooking pot in which too much rice has been placed to boil)
CMP
Alune	penu	full
Asilulu	penu	to be at the peak (of the tide)
East Damar	r-penu	full
Tugun	pʰenu	full
Erai	penu	full
Leti	penu	full
Lamaholot	pənũ	to fill, fill up
Rembong	penoʔ	full
Manggarai	peno	full, as a plate full of rice, or a vessel full of liquid
Riung	peno	full
Keo	mbenu	full
Waiyewa	bonnu-na	full
Anakalangu	binu	full
Kambera	pínu	to fill
Rotinese	henu	to fill; full, as a house full of people, a river in full stream
Wetan	peni	full, to fill (as a village with graves, a garden with plants)
SHWNG
Mayá	ꞌfo¹²n	full

POC ponuq full (of a container) ⇫ ¶

OC
Nukuoro	honu-a	filled with
	honu	full
	honu tai	high tide
Kapingamarangi	honu	to fill; filled
	honu tula	full to the brim, brimming
Gilbertese	on	full, filled; fullness
Vitu	vonu	full
Bali (Uneapa)	vonuku	full (of a container)
Mengen	ponu	full
Amara	-pon	full
Lakalai	volu	full
Mbula	pen	be full, be filled; high (used of water)
Gitua	von	full
Mono-Alu	fonu	full
	fa-fonu	to fill
Bugotu	vonu-a	full
	vonu	full, fullness
Kwaio	fonu	full
	fonu mamaŋili	full to the top
Nggela	vonu	to be full
	vonu-a	full
	na vonu	the best
	vonu-gia	filled
'Āre'āre	honu	full
Sa'a	honu	full
	honu makeate	full to overflowing
	äsi e honu	high spring tide
Motu	honu	to be full, as a water pot with water
Pileni	fonu	full
Arosi	honu-sia	filled
	honu	to fill
Rennellese	honu	to be full of liquid; to be flooded or full of puddles; to rise, of the tide; to be juicy, as a fruit or shredded coconut; to be watery, as some rice; to be shipping water, as a canoe
Tongan	fonu	full: of container or its contents, or of a notebook, etc.

PMP ma-penuq full ⇫ ¶

WMP
Itbayaten	m-apno	full
Isneg	ma-pnó	to be filled
Ibaloy	me-pno	full, both of the container and its contents
Tagalog	ma-punóʔ	to be filled, become full (as a well)
Mapun	ma-pannoʔ	to fill
Simalur	ma-əno	full, filled
Banggai	mo-ono	full
	mo-ono ko tobui	flood
CMP
Soboyo	bonu	full; deep
Ngadha	benu	full, as a pot full of rice
Kambera	mbínu	full, as a house full of people, a village full of graves, a boat full of water

PWMP maŋ-penuq to fill ⇫ ¶

WMP
Yakan	mennoʔ	to fill something with something
Mapun	mannoʔ	to fill
Kadazan Dusun	mo-monuʔ	to fill
Kelabit	menuʔ	to fill
Simalur	maŋ-əno-e	to fill, as a bamboo water container
Iban	pasaŋ menoh	high tide; the tide is high
Malay	me-menuh-i	to fill, fill up
Old Javanese	a-menuh-i	to fill, make complete
Malagasy	ma-meno	to fill, fill up

PPh na-penuq filled ⇫ ¶

WMP
Itbayaten	n-apno	filled
Isneg	na-pnó	full, filled
Itawis	na-pánnu	full
Ibanag	na-pnuʔ	filled, full
Pangasinan	na-pnó	full
Ilokano	na-pnó	filled, full
Hanunóo	na-pnúʔ	already filled up
Binukid	na-punuʔ	filled

PMP pa-penuq to fill, cause to become full ⇫ ¶

WMP
Mapun	pa-pannoʔ	to be becoming full
Uma	po-ponuʔ	to fill
Muna	fo-pono	to fill up, cram

POC pa-ponuq to fill, cause to become full ⇫ ¶

OC
Bugotu	va-vonu	to fill

PWMP ka-penuq-an act of filling ⇫ ¶

WMP
Tagalog	ka-punu-nán	what is still lacking and must be added to make something full or complete
Kadazan Dusun	ko-ponu-an	act of filling
Old Javanese	ka-penuh-an	to fill, make complete

PWMP p<in>enuq filled ⇫ ¶

WMP
Isneg	p<in>nó	filled
Kadazan Dusun	p<in>onuʔ	filled
Kelabit	p<i>nuʔ	was filled

PWMP p<um>enuq to fill, make complete ⇫ ¶

WMP
Tboli	h<em>nok	to fill up
Old Javanese	um-enuh-i	to fill, make complete

PWMP penuq-an to fill ⇫ ¶

WMP
Isneg	pannow-án	to fill
Ibaloy	pe-pno-an	to make something thus sufficient
Tagalog	púnú-an	fully loaded, as a passenger vehicle
	punu-án	to add to something what is necessary to complete it or fill it (locative stress)
Yakan	pennoʔ-an	to fill something with something
Mapun	pannoʔ-an	fill it!
Tae'	ponno-an	to fill for (someone); fulness; be full

PWMP penuq-en to fill; fill it! ⇫ ¶

WMP
Itbayaten	a-pno-en	to fill up, make full
Tboli	hnok-en	fill it!
Hiligaynon	punúʔ-un	to fill to capacity
Mapun	pannoʔ-un	fill it!
Kadazan Dusun	ponu-on	to be filled
Malagasy	feno-ina	to be filled or made complete
Bikol	panoʔ-ón	to fill something up

PMP penuq sakay overwhem in numbers? ⇫ ¶

WMP
Tae'	ponno sae	come in throngs, of people; to pour, of rain, rain cats and dogs

POC ponuq sake full to the top ⇫ ¶

OC
Gilbertese	on rake	full to the top
Motu	honu-honu-dae	be full to the top

Reconstructions

PAN	peNuq	full (of a container)
POC	ponuq	full (of a container)
PMP	ma-penuq	full
PWMP	maŋ-penuq	to fill
PPh	na-penuq	filled
PMP	pa-penuq	to fill, cause to become full
POC	pa-ponuq	to fill, cause to become full
PWMP	ka-penuq-an	act of filling
PWMP	p<in>enuq	filled
PWMP	p<um>enuq	to fill, make complete
PWMP	penuq-an	to fill
PWMP	penuq-en	to fill; fill it!
PMP	penuq sakay	overwhem in numbers?
POC	ponuq sake	full to the top

Note

Also Yamdena féni ‘full (as with water)’. This is one of the most basic stative verbs/adjectives in Austronesian languages. It is thus surprising that reflexes of *ma-penuq are completely unknown in the Oceanic group, despite the fact that this prefix was so tightly bound in other stems (as *ma-sakit ‘painful, sick’, or *ma-takut ‘afraid’) that it became fossilized in many of the modern languages, and possibly in Proto-Oceanic itself. PMP *penuq evidently referred to fullness and filling of containers with liquid or solid material; however, in many of the reflexes is also used in a somewhat more abstract sense, as with people filling a room or graves filling a village. Finally, the glosses for Iban Moken Asilulu Sa'a Rennellese and Nukuoro show clearly that this word also figured in expressions relating to periods of high tide, the point at which the sea’s expanse reaches its ‘fullest’.