The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary

*kaSiw wood; tree

Leaflet

PAN kaSiw wood, tree ⇫

Form.
Saisiyat kæhœy tree, wood
Thao pash-kawi-an any place where wood is stored
tau-kawi to carry wood
kawi wood, stick; tree; wood stop for a door latch
Pazeh kahuy tree, wood
Amis mi-kasoy to hunt for firewood
kasuy tree; firewood
kasoy firewood
Amis (Kiwit) kasuy tree; firewood
Siraya kayu tree, wood
Puyuma sa-kawi-an one (a unit for trees)
kawi wood, tree
pa-kawi-an ~ pu--kawi-an woodshed
pu-kawi to put wood (on the fire)
Paiwan s<m>u-kasiw to remove branches (as when tree is too large to be felled)
ki-kasiw to gather or cut wood
kasiw tree, wood
pu-kasi-kasiv-an place for storing firewood

PMP kahiw wood, tree ⇫

WMP
Yami kayo wood, tree
Itbayaten kayoh tree, wood, firewood; bunch or cluster of fruits (esp. of banana)
ini-chayoh transferred piled big trees from the field
saa-kayoh one bunch of bananas (generally 10 to 20)
Isneg káyo tree, shrub; wood, timber
Agta (Central Cagayan) kayú living tree
Malaweg kayuy stick, wood
Itawis káyu tree, wood
kayu-án to chop wood for firewood
mak-káyu to gather firewood
Agta (Dupaningan) kayú living tree
Bontok káʔəw wood, tree, specifically pine tree, Pinus insularis Endl.
Ifugaw i-āyiw to take someone along in gathering firewood, e.g. when men take along women to get firewood during the post-transplanting holiday season
káiw ~ káyu tree
āyiw a branching tree with a hard bark, or a piece of a tree, such as a stick, log, plank
Kankanaey káiw wood; timber; tree, shrub
Ifugaw (Batad) āyiw a branching tree with a hard bark, or a piece of a tree, such as a stick, log, plank
i-āyiw to take someone along in gathering firewood, e.g. when men take along women to get firewood during the post-transplanting holiday season
Ibaloy kiyew tree; in some contexts is generic for all trees, but also can be specific in contrast with , non-pine trees; wood; firewood, wood for fuel
Casiguran Dumagat kayó tree, wood, stick
Pangasinan kiéw tree, stick, timber
Ilokano tari-káyo log; timber, lumber
káyo tree; wood, timber; trunk, stem
Tagalog kahóy wood; lumber
Jarai kəyəw wood, tree
Chamorro tronkon hayu tree
hayu stick, wood
Cham kayau wood
Hanunóo káyu wood, tree
Masbatenyo káhoy wood, timber, tree, log
Tboli koyu tree, wood
Aklanon káhoy tree (general term); wood, lumber
Hiligaynon káhuy tree, wood, timber
Moken kae pokon tree
kae wood
Palawan Batak kayó wood; tree; stick
kayo ʔápoy firewood
Cebuano káhuy tree; wood, firewood
tig-káhuy log with branches cut off; twigs; gather cut down wood for firewood
talig-káhuy gather logs for a house
pa-ŋahuy-káhuy for muscles to get stiff with fatigue
Binukid kayu tree; wood, timber, pole; stem, stalk (of plants)
Maranao kayo-n woody
kayo tree, wood, lumber, board
Manobo (Western Bukidnon) kayu tree; wood; a stick; to gather wood
Palauan kərrəkár tree; wood; log; board
Klata kayyu tree, wood
Mansaka kaoy tree, wood
Tiruray kayew wood, firewood, a tree
Yakan kayu tree (generic); wood (generic); lumber; firewood
Tombonuwo kayu tree
Mapun kayuh-an add some wood to the fire (imper.)
kayu tree; firewood; lumber
Kadazan Dusun kazu tree, wood
Kujau kazu wood
Minokok kazu wood
Ida'an Begak kayu tree, wood
Tausug kahuy wood, tree, lumber, timber
Belait kajeow wood
Bisaya kayu wood, tree
Bisaya (Limbang) kayu wood, tree
puun kayu base of a tree; counting classifier for trees
Bisaya puun kayu base of a tree; counting classifier for trees
Dali' asaw tree
Narum hayew wood, tree
Gayō kayu wood, tree
be-kayu search for wood to build a house
Lun Dayeh kayuh wood
pun kayuh tree
Kiput kacəw wood, tree
Berawan (Long Terawan) kajuh wood, tree
Acehnese kayeə wood, tree, stick, pole, beam
Bintulu puʔun kazəw tree
kazəw wood
Sa'ban ayəw wood, tree
Kenyah (Long Anap) puʔun kayu base of a tree
kayu wood, tree
Kayan (Long Atip) kayoʔ tree
Kenyah kayu wood, tree
kayəw wood
puʔun kayu base of a tree
kayu a tree; wood
Kelabit kayuh wood, tree
Sangir kalu-n dapuh-aŋ wood used in cooking (lit. ‘kitchen-wood’)
kalu tree; wood; stalk
meʔ-kalu get a stem (of plants)
Kayan (Uma Juman) puʔun kayoʔ base of a tree
kayoʔ wood, tree
Melanau Dalat (Kampung Teh) pəʔun kayəw base of a tree
Melanau Dalat kayəw wood, tree
pəʔun kayəw base of a tree
Melanau (Mukah) puʔun kayəw base of a tree
kayəw wood, tree
Toba Batak hau tree, wood
mar-hau fell trees to build a house
par-hau all kinds of timber used for building
Bekatan kaju wood
Karo Batak er-kayu gather wood in the forest for house construction
per-kayu wood that has been prepared for house construction
bataŋ kayu tree, tree trunk
ŋ-kayu-i bring wood for a house construction party
kayu wood
Iban kayuʔ tree; numeral classifier for trees; wood, timber; wooden; length of wood, stick
Malay kayu timber, in various senses: 1. a tree and its parts, 2. trees and classes of timber, 3. timber appliances
tukaŋ kayu carpenter
Seru kayoh wood
Tontemboan k<in>ayu place where trees are raised
taŋ-kayu-n something that loves to eat wood (as termites)
kayu tree, wood
Totoli kayu wood
Tonsawang kayu wood
Nias eu wood; firewood
sag-eu a piece (of wood, of pork, cloth, etc.)
Mongondow kayu wood, tree, classifier for
Ampibabo-Lauje ʔayu wood
Kayan kayoʔ tree
puʔun kayoʔ base of a tree
kayoʔ wood, tree
kayoʔ wood; timber; a tree
kayoʔ tayun firewood (always kept in place over fireplace)
Pendau ʔayu wood
Tunjung ləŋan kaju tree
Petapa Taje ʔayu wood
Banggai kayu-ŋ tree, living wood
Ngaju Dayak kayu-n apuy firewood
kayu wood, tree
Bare'e puʔu-ŋ-kaju base of a tree
mo-kaju to form a trunk or stem (of a tree); stand firm, be certain
maŋ-kaju-ni support, prop up
kaju tree, shrub, wood, plant
mampariŋ-kaju lay a corpse in a coffin
ka-kaju wild, of animals
mampa-kaju determine or make certain
Uma -kaju-i to encase a corpse (in wood); counting classifier for fish, etc.
kaju wood; tree; woods
Mori Atas kau wood
Tae' paʔ-kayu-an building material of wood for a house or granary
pe-kayu-an collect wood for something
di-pe-kayu mate place the body of a dead child in a casket
meŋ-kayu-an become hard, of the woody part of the main root of the cassava
kayu tree, wood, the hard, woody part of the main root of the cassava
Koroni keu wood
Murik puʔun kayuʔ base of a tree
kayuʔ wood, tree
Tolaki kasu wood
Wawonii keu wood
Buginese aju wood
Moronene keu wood
Wolio kau wood, timber, stick, plant, roll (of textile)
Muna ka-sau-sau small tree
sau wood, stick; classifier for teeth, finger and betel nuts; bolt of cloth
Makassarese kayu wood; classifier for counting animals, rolls of goods, pieces
Popalia kaw stick, wood
Sundanese kayu wood, wooden
ikan kayu plank fish
Old Javanese kayu wood, tree
Javanese kayu wood, tree; firewood; dead body
Bahasa Indonesia kayu woody tree; wood
kayu api firewood
ber-kayu containing wood; search for wood in the forest
Balinese kayu wood, tree; bolt of cloth, roll of silk
Sasak kayuʔ tree, wood
Bikol káhoy tree; wood, timber; log; wooden
Proto-Bungku-Tolaki kayu wood
Kenyah (Long Ikang) kayəw wood
Malagasy házo tree or shrub; wood of all kinds; (fig.) hard
Miri ajuh wood, tree

PCEMP kayu wood, tree ⇫

CMP
Soboyo kayu wood, tree
Wahai ai wood
Alune ai wood, tree
Batu Merah ai tree
Manipa he-n wood
Kayeli au wood, tree
Kamarian ai wood, tree
Buruese kau lahin tree
Tifu kau wood
Buruese kau wood
Saparua ai wood
Amblau au wood
Watubela kai wood
Ujir kai stick, wood
Dobel ʔay tree, wood
W.Tarangan (Ngaibor) key stick, wood
W.Tarangan key stick, wood
Erai ai wood, piece of wood, pole, post, stick, tree
ai ai pieces of wood
Kisar au wood, tree
Selaru au wood, tree
Leti ai wood, in combination forms; tree
Kédang ai pole; tree
Adonara kajo tree
Palu'e kayu tree
Rembong kazu wood
Manggarai haju wood, tree, trunk, staff
Bimanese haju wood
Galoli ai wood, tree
Komodo haju wood, tree
Li'o kayu wood
Ngadha kadzu wood, stick; tree; forest, bush; stiff like a piece of wood, as one’s back
Tetun ai-laran forest (‘in/among the trees’)
Vaikenu hau tree
Lamboya pu yayu tree
Atoni hau-b un base of a tree
hau- tree
Kambera ai wood
Rotinese ai tree, stalk, wood
ai hu-k tree
Dhao/Ndao aju tree
SHWNG
Buli ai tree, wood
Minyaifuin kai stick, wood
Numfor ai tree, wood
a wood, tree
Woi ay wood, tree
Pom ai tree, wood
Ansus ay tree, wood
Papuma ai tree, wood
Kurudu ai tree, wood
Ambai ai wood, tree
Biga ai stick, wood
Waropen a wood; tree (in combination forms)
Ron ai tree, wood
Dusner ai tree, wood
Kowiai/Koiwai ai tree

POC kayu wood; strong; stiff; penis (colloquial) ⇫

OC
Hawaiian lā-ʔau tree, plant, wood, timber, forest, stick, thicket, club; blow of a club; strength, rigidness, hardness; male erection; to have formed mature wood, as of a seedling; wooden, woody; stiff, as wood; medicine, medicinal; lump or knot in the flesh, as eased by the rubbing massage; to have a cramp
Carolinian gháyi- ~ ghayú- penis (men’s talk)
Marshallese keyin trunk of a tree; torso of a person; tree
kāān trunk of a tree; torso of a person; tree
Woleaian gai penis, male genital
Chuukese eyi-ni-wow carrying pole
Nukuoro laa-gau wood, stick (of wood)
Kapingamarangi laa-gau tree, stick, pole, log; bush
Gilbertese kai wood; instrument
Sobei ai stick, wood
Leipon ke-pley mast
key tree
Sori ay tree
Papitalai key tree
Drehet kep wood, tree
Bipi ki tree
Nali key tree
key paley mast
Likum kay pelep mast
kay tree
Tarpia kai tree
Lou ke tree
Tigak i-ai tree
Wogeo ka tree
Ali ai wood, tree
Manam kai-kai iter firm, to be strong or stubborn
kai tree; to be strong, to be stubborn
Tanga au wood, timber
Takia ai tree
Gitua ai tree, wood
Torau au wood
Uruava au tree
Adzera gai tree
Mono-Alu au tree
Babatana γazu tree
Numbami ai tree; wood; stick (of wood)
Kokota gazu tree
Mekeo (East) au tree
Toqabaqita ʔai tree (does not include palm trees, cycads, tree-ferns, bamboos, banana trees); wood; firewood; timber; stick, pole, post, beam; mast of a ship, and some other relatively long and thin objects made out of wood
Bugotu gai tree; shaft of spear
Lau ʔai wood; a mast
si-ʔai firewood, bundle of firewood
Tuvaluan laa-kau tree, stick; plant; penis
laa-kau hika fire plough; bed of fire plough
Vangunu hai tree
Pokau au tree, wood
Kwaio ʔai-wane a male tree; hence, sterile, unmarried, childless
ʔai tree, branch, stick, woody plant (shrub, bush)
Nggela gai a branching plant, shrub or tree, i.e. balsam, croton, and banyan are all , but not a palm or coconut; wood, timber; firewood; stem or handle of an axe, pipe, etc. (not basket); prefix to names of plants or trees
'Āre'āre ʔai generic name for wood, tree
Sa'a ʔäi tree, wood , more commonly used in Ulawa; to be stiff, numb
Motu au tree; firewood
Hula au tree
Arosi ʔai a tree or plant having stem and branches; not used of a fern cycad, sago palm, coconut, etc.
Anuta raa-kau ~ ra-kau tree, plant, wood, stick, club, plank, timber, log
Rennellese gaʔa-kau tuʔuti sacred staff of a priest, scepter
gaʔa-kau general name for any kind of log, stick, or plant (tree, bush, shrub); canoe log; shark tail; fighting club
Rotuman ʔɔi tree, plant; wood, timber, piece of wood; box, chest, safe, thing made (or usually made) of wood)
Samoan lā-ʔau plant, tree; wood; apparatus, set, machine; instrument
Futunan laʔa-kau tree; woods; stick
Piamatsina hau tree
Malmariv au tree
Lametin au tree
Northeast Ambae kai tree
Raga xai tree
Sowa tu-kai tree
Rano n-ai tree
Atchin n-ei tree
Tape n-e tree
Leviamp n-ai tree
Lingarak na-ɣa tree; stick, wood
Letemboi n-ai tree
Axamb xai stick
na-xai tree
Maxbaxo nə-γai tree; stick
Vowa la-kai tree
Makatea ra-kau tree
Pwele na-kau stick; tree
Wayan kai wood; generic for trees and shrubs, and occasionally low bushy plants; used in certain compounds as a generic for all plants; piece of wood, stick; (vulgar, colloq.) penis; in restricted phrases, be hard, strong, tough; wooden, made of wood
Fijian vū-ni-kau definitely a tree
kau a tree, piece of wood, stick; wooden, very hard
Niue a-kau tree, wood, timber; rod, staff, weapon
Lenakel nə-k tree
Tongan kau stalk, stem (of leaf, without or with the midrib, or of a flower or fruit); something resembling a stalk or stem, e.g. stem of a tobacco pipe
fuʔu ʔakau wood; made of wood, wooden
ʔa-kau tree, plant
Rarotongan ra-kau general name for trees or shrubs or plants; general name for wood of any kind; a pole, a rod, a stick; a weapon
ra-kau kava a poisonous tree, a bitter herb; also used to denote a gun
Maori tai whaka-rā-kau long swell
rā-kau tree; wood, timber; stick, spar, mast; weapon; wooden
Nakanamanga na-kau tree
Cape Cumberland hau tree
Peterara xai stick
Proto-Micronesian kayu wood; pole
Arop kai wood

PPh ma-kahiw (gloss uncertain) ⇫

WMP
Masbatenyo ma-káhoy wooded, timbered
Tontemboan ma-kayu become woody or hard
ma-kayu-n grown over with trees, where formerly there were none
Bikol ma-káhoy wooded

PWMP ma-ŋahiw to gather wood, as for fuel; gather firewood ⇫

WMP
Itbayaten ma-ŋayoh to gather firewood
Bontok maŋ-áʔəw to get a load of wood for fuel
Ifugaw ma-ŋáiw ~ ma-ŋáyu to get firewood
maŋ-āyiw gather firewood from a forest
Ifugaw (Batad) maŋ-āyiw gather firewood from a forest
Ibaloy me-ŋiyew to get wood for fuel
Ilokano ma-ŋáyo to gather firewood
Tagalog ma-ŋahóy to gather firewood
Masbatenyo ma-ŋáhoy to collect wood
Aklanon ma-ŋa-ŋáhoy wood-gatherer
Mapun ŋayu to use wood, coconut shells, etc. as fuel in cooking; to add wood to a fire
Tausug ma-ŋahuy to gather firewood (esp. in the woods)
Ngaju Dayak ma-ŋa-ŋañu to gather a little firewood
ma-ŋañu to gather firewood
Bare'e me-kaju to fetch wood
Uma me-kayu to gather firewood
Tae' me-kayu look for firewood
Bikol ma-ŋáhoy to collect wood

PWMP pa-ŋahiw one who gathers firewood (?) ⇫

WMP
Ifugaw pa-ŋaíw-an ~ pa-ŋayú-an place where firewood is taken
Aklanon pa-ŋahóy to gather/collect wood
Cebuano pa-ŋáhuy cut down and gather firewood
Binukid pa-ŋayu to get, gather firewood
Mapun pa-ŋayu-hun use the wood as fuel (imper.)
Ngaju Dayak pa-ŋañu one who likes to gather firewood

PWMP sa-ŋ-kahiw (gloss uncertain) ⇫

WMP
Ilokano sa-ŋa-káyo one piece (of cloth)
Kadazan Dusun s<in>aŋ-kazu made or carved from one tree
Toba Batak saŋ-hau a piece, a sheet (of paper)
Tae' saŋ-kayu tallaŋ a bamboo stool

PAN k<um>aSiw (gloss uncertain) ⇫

Form.
Paiwan k<m>asiw to use wood; put boards on

PMP k<um>ahiw (gloss uncertain) ⇫

WMP
Isneg k<um>áyo the cassava, manioc or tapioca plant, Manihot utilissima Rohl.
Ifugaw k<um>áiw ~ k<um>áyu the plant becomes wood
Tontemboan k<um>ayu become woody or hard

PWMP ka-kahiw-an woods, forest ⇫

WMP
Itbayaten ka-kayoh-an woods, forest
Ilokano ka-kay-káyw-an woods; forested area; jungle of trees
Masbatenyo ka-kahúy-an woodlands, forest, grove, thicket
Aklanon ka-kahóy-an forest, jungle
Cebuano ka-kahúy-an woods
Kadazan Dusun ko-kozuv-an forest area or jungle
Tausug ka-kahuy-an an area covered with trees, woody place
Tontemboan ka-kayu-n place where a garden used to be but that is now covered with trees again
Old Javanese ka-kayw-an trees
Javanese ke-kayo-n wooded area
Sasak ke-kayo-n fruit trees
Bikol ka-kahóy-an forest, woods; grove, thicket, clump of trees

PWMP kahiw-an wooded area, forest ⇫

WMP
Ibaloy kiyew-an communal forest, place to get wood for fuel and lumber for house construction (all forest not owned by someone belongs to the community, and anyone can get wood and forest products there)
Tagalog kahúy-an woodland, woods
Maranao kayo-an timbered land, forest
Ngaju Dayak kayu-an thicket, woods
Old Javanese kayon trees
kaywan trees

PAN kaSiw-en (gloss uncertain) ⇫

Form.
Paiwan kasi-kasiv-en forest

PWMP kahiw-en (gloss uncertain) ⇫

WMP
Ilokano kayu-en to cut into firewood
Cebuano kahúy-un coarse, like wood
Tausug kahuy-un to use something as firewood
Mongondow kayu-on bush, forested area

PAN kaSi-kaSiw wooded, having lots of trees ⇫

Form.
Pazeh kahu-kahuy-an forest
Puyuma kawi-kawi forest, a lot of wood
Paiwan kasi-kasiw woodlands (as opposed to grasslands; emphasis on land use)

PMP kahi-kahiw wooded, having lots of trees ⇫

WMP
Itbayaten kayo-kayoh trees
Isneg kay-kayó tree
Cebuano kahuy-káhuy kind of weed roughly resembling a full grown tree in structure, growing up to one and one half feet, the leaves of which are used as a poultice to stop bleeding
Sangir ka-kalu-aŋ young forest
Simalur aeu-aeu wood
mal-aeu-aeu gather firewood
Karo Batak kayu-kayu a piece of wood; all kinds of wood
Malay kayu-kayu-an various kinds of wood
Ma'anyan ka-kau tree
Buginese aju-kaju-ŋ all sorts of wood
Old Javanese kayu-kayu trees

POC kayu-kayu forest, wooded area ⇫

OC
Aua ai-ai tree
Kwaio ʔai-ʔai tall and thin
Wayan vī-kai-kai bush, forest, woods