ACD - Austronesian Comparative Dictionary Online

*sumaŋed soul of a living being; soul of the rice plant

PMP sumaŋed soul of a living being; soul of the rice plant ⇫ ¶

WMP
Acehnese	seumaŋat	soul of a living person, life-force, (impersonal) soul; be conscious
Simalur	sumaŋar	soul, life-force
Malay	səmaŋat	spirit of life; vitality; soul (in the old Indonesian sense); the Indonesian ‘soul’ is a bird of life, timorous and easily scared; its flight ... is synonymous with weak vitality; it leaves the body in sleep, and when absent from the body may be seduced or captured by other persons; magic is used sometimes to attract and so win a girl’s , or to attach it to oneself; Malays believe that this spirit of life is found in all nature, even in things that we consider inanimate; thus the ‘soul of iron’ is responsible for the special merits of iron, and due homage has to be paid to it if a is to retain its virtue; this animistic belief underlies the special reverence paid to certain weapons, and comes out clearly in the harvest rites associated with the ‘rice soul’; if the seed rice is to give a good crop the following year it must retain its spirit of life, and every care is taken to honor it and to see that reaping is done so as not to lessen its vitality
	səmaŋət	soul, spirit of a living person
Bare'e	sumaŋa	ghost, spirit of the dead, above all those who have long been dead (rare in everyday speech; mostly used in oral literature
Tae'	sumaŋaʔ	soul, spirit of a living person, life-force
Wolio	sumaŋa	spirit (of a deceased person); reincarnation
Muna	sumaŋa	spirit of dead person, ancestor spirit
Makassarese	sumaŋaʔ	immaterial body, essence, soul; consciousness (people claim that the has the same form as the material body, but never dies; it can take flight, endangering the body it occupies, and when this happens it must be called back)
Malay (Jakarta)	səmaŋət	soul, spirit of a living person
Sasak	səmaŋət	fontanel; life breath, soul
CMP
Tifu	ə-smaŋe-n	soul of a living person
Yamdena	smaŋat	soul, ghost, spectre
Vaikenu	smana	soul
Hawu	hemaŋa	soul
Proto-Ambon	sumaŋə	soul of a living person

PMP sumaŋet nu pajay soul of the rice plant ⇫ ¶

WMP
Acehnese	seumaŋat padé	soul of the rice
Malay	səmaŋat padi	soul of the rice plant (seed rice must be harvested with the , a small crescent-shaped blade concealed in the palm of the hand and used cautiously so as not to frighten away the rice soul and so loss the potency of the seed for the following harvest)

Reconstructions

PMP	sumaŋed	soul of a living being; soul…
PMP	sumaŋet nu pajay	soul of the rice plant

Note

Also Iban semeŋat ‘vital force, soul, spiritual’, taiʔ semeŋat ‘ear wax’, semeŋat padi ‘soul of the rice’ (must be secured at harvest), Gayō semaŋat ‘soul’ (can take flight, and must be recaptured to ensure well-being)’, Javanese semaŋat ‘energy, enthusiasm’, Manggarai semaŋak ~ semeŋak, Rembong semaŋak ‘spirit, soul’, Selaru smakan (< met.) ‘soul, ghost’. Van der Veen (1940:628) also gives saŋaʔ ~ suŋaʔ ‘soul, spirit of a living person, life-force’, and states that sumaŋaʔ is infixed with –um-, a claim also made by Stresemann (1927:103), but this analysis remains to be confirmed.