The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary

*salaq₁ wrong, in error (of behavior); miss (a target); mistake, error, fault

PMP salaq₁ wrong, in error (of behavior); miss (a target); mistake, error, fault ⇫

WMP
Yami sala get off the course, deviate
Itbayaten sala faulty; defect; misdemeanor, misbehavior, deviation, violation, error
Kapampangan salaʔ error, fault, mistake; sin
Chamorro salaʔ late, far gone, incurable (as a disease that has gone too far to cure)
Romblomanon saláʔ a mistake, wrongdoing; be mistaken or wrong in an action, a situation
Masbatenyo saláʔ error, mistake, transgression, sin, fault, crime
maka-saláʔ sin, make a mistake, transgress, disobey, violate
Tboli salaʔ mistake, error; sin; missing the mark, as an arrow
Aklanon saeáʔ sin, error, mistake, wrongdoing; to err, make a mistake, do wrong
Waray-Waray saláʔ sin; original sin; fault; mistake
salá-a to blame, find fault with
sala-á to commit mistakes
Agutaynen talak sin; fault; wrong; crime; guilt, guilty
Hiligaynon saláʔ mistake, crime, sin, error
Cebuano sálaʔ sin, fault; commit a sin
Binukid saláʔ sin, wrongdoing, misdeed; fault; offense, crime; to commit a sin, fault, crime, etc.; to err, to sin against; to wrong (someone)
Maranao salaʔ crime, mistake, fault, sin
Manobo (Western Bukidnon) salaʔ sin, fault, wrong
Mansaka sáraʔ make a mistake; be out of order; sin, fault
Tiruray men-salaʔ guilty
salaʔ guilt, the responsibility for someone’s offended feelings
Yakan salaʔ a mistake, a wrong, a fault; for something to be wrong, be at fault, faulty
Tombonuwo salaʔ sin
Kadazan Dusun hasaʔ mistake, error, fault, blunder, crime
Ida'an Begak salaʔ mistake; mistaken
Tausug sāʔ mistake, fault, error, flaw
Lun Dayeh alaʔ a miss (in shooting)
Acehnese salah mistake, error, fault; offense
Kayan (Long Atip) sala wrong, in error
Kenyah pe-ñalaʔ a mistake
salaʔ wrong
Sangir saḷa mistake, error, fault; flaw, failing; mistake for which a fine must be paid; punishment that one must undergo; sin
Melanau (Mukah) salaʔ wrong, in error
Simalur sala fault, error, mistake; offense
Toba Batak sala fault, error, mistake; defect; sin
Karo Batak salah fault, error, mistake; transgression; guilt
Iban salah wrong, bad; be wrong, find guilty; shoot and miss (a target)
Malay salah at fault; amiss, of anything going wrong or being out of place, as a strained sinew, a false step, a misunderstanding, a thing being ill-timed, a word giving offense that is not intended
Tontemboan salaʔ fine that one pays to compensate for a misdeed
Nias sala blemish, defect; fault, error; make a mistake
Mongondow mo-taḷaʔ guilty
moko-taḷaʔ able to make a distinction (as in a dispute)
taḷaʔ mistake, error, fault, guilt; difference, distinction; fine, penalty
Kayan sala sin; wrong; wrongly
sala wrong, in error
Balantak salaʔ wrong
Banggai sala wrong; mistake, error, fault
poo-sa-sala different, various
Ngaju Dayak ba-sala guilty, be at fault
sala bara except, outside of
sala wrong, incorrect, in error, mistaken
Bare'e sala mistake, error, fault
sala-pa just, only
Tae' salaʔ intensive form of
sala mistake, error, fault; flaw, failing; transgression, offense; inaccurate, wrong; guilty
Rejang saleaʔ incorrect, mistaken, wrong
saleaʔ kembuʔ indigestion ( = ‘eat’)
Mandar si-sala difference; what is different
sala error, mistake
Murik salaʔ wrong, in error
Buginese sala almost; mistake, error
Wolio sala fault, error, sin, condemnation; wrong, at fault, guilty, mistaken; miss (e.g. the right way), fail to find
Muna sala lest, so that not, or else, let us hope not
Makassarese sala deviating from what it should be: mistake, error, fault; guilty, and because of it needing to pay a fine; something resembling a thing that it really is not; not true, pseudo; accidental; useless, in vain; preliminary, not definitive; fine, penalty (for offense)
Lampung salah wrong
Sundanese pa-salah-an jalan take the wrong way
salah mistake, error, fault; guilt
Old Javanese salah alap taking the wrong one
salah hulu upside down, reversed
salah bhāsa using the wrong words or speech
salah gawe changing one’s work, doing something different
salah changing into something different, deviating from what is right (normal, intended, expected, etc.); wrong, at fault, mistaken, missing (the target); missed, not attained; escaped from
Javanese salah make a mistake, do something wrong; one (of them)
Balinese salah fault, guilt, wrong-doing, misdeed (the wrong is not moral, but is an offense to normal standards, hence ‘do wrong in dying’ = ‘die in an abnormal way, as by being executed
Sasak salaʔ wrong, erroneous (of an act)
Bikol mag-ka-sálaʔ to sin
sálaʔ an error, fault, mistake; a flaw, blunder
pag-ka-saʔl-án failure, mistake
Proto-Bungku-Tolaki halaq fault, debt
Proto-South Sulawesi sala wrong; lack; fault
CMP
Alune sala fault; mistake
Buruese sala wrong; guilty
Asilulu sala error; be wrong
sala-sala-n unclear (of vision)
Watubela halak wrong
Fordata sala guilt, fault; mistaken, in error; sin
Yamdena n-sal lose one’s way
sale guilt, fault; mistaken, in error; guilty
Kisar hala wrong, fault; sin, crime
Selaru sal mistake, fault; guilt
Leti sala fault, guilt, sin
Bimanese sala error, mistake
Tetun (Dili) sala wrong, in error
Tetun sala wrong, in error
sala to err, to make a mistake, to be wrong, to be in error, to sin; error, mistake, sin, crime, blame; wrongly, erroneously, etc.
sala malu to disagree with each other
Kambera tíbu hala false sugarcane (resembles it, but is different)
hala incorrect, mistaken; fault, mistake
ana ndua hala false twins (of opposite sex)
Hawu hala mistake, error, fault
Rotinese sala wrong, in error, mistaken, miss (a target, as in shooting); to differ, vary; fault, error, guilt
SHWNG
Buli sāl fault, error, mistake
Numfor sa-sar error, mistake; sin
sār left side
Mayá ꞌsa³l error
Kowiai/Koiwai sala mistake
OC
Hawaiian hala error, fault, mistake; sin
Nukuoro sala mistake, error, accident
made sala mistaken (in identifying); mistake someone for another
Kapingamarangi hala wrong; crime; blame; guilt, fault
Sikaiana sala mistake
Toqabaqita tala miss (a target); miss one’s footing, miss one’s hold; (of a limb) be dislocated
Lau tala fītō distrust
tala alaŋia to call (someone) by mistake
tala to miss a mark, fail; amiss, wrongly
fana tala shoot and miss
Tuvaluan hala worthy of punishment; wrong; be punished; punishment
Kwaio tala to fail, miss (as a magic spell)
'Āre'āre tara to fail, miss
Sa'a däu tala to aim and miss
tala to miss, to fail
Arosi tara to do without sufficient cause or reason; to do badly, carelessly, foolishly
Rennellese saga to be mistaken, incorrect; to err
Rotuman sara to fail to hit its mark, to miss; to fail to attain one’s object; to make a mistake, to err, to do wrong; to slip out of position, or out of joint (as one’s shoulder)
Samoan sala make a mistake; (of tongue) slip; offense, fault; be punished, fined
Futunan sala be at fault, faulty; be excessive; fault, error; in error
Wayan cala be wrong, incorrect; make a mistake or error; wrongly, mistakenly, in error; miss a target, go astray; do wrong, transgress; wrongdoing, sin, transgression of moral principle
Fijian cala to err, be in error, to miss a mark; as adjective erroneous, or adverb immediately after the verb, erroneously, by mistake
Niue hala sin, wrong; sinful; to sin
Tongan hala to err, to be wrong or erroneous, to make an error, go wrong, be at fault; to fail or be unsuccessful; to be without, to have none; to ‘miss out on’, not to get any of; to be missing, not there or not in existence
Rarotongan ara sin, wilful violation of law, neglect of duty or the laws of morality and religion; wickedness, iniquity, offense, crime, fault; to commit sin; to do wrong; to offend or commit a crime; to be at fault, to commit an offense

PWMP ka-salaq have faults, be at fault (?) ⇫

WMP
Aklanon ka-saeáʔ to sin (morally), do evil
Kadazan Dusun ka-hasaʔ can be wrong, mistaken
Mongondow ko-taḷaʔ have faults
Ngaju Dayak ka-sala fault, error, mistake; sin
Old Javanese ka-salah fault; mistake

PWMP ma-ñalaq accuse someone, find fault with someone (?) ⇫

WMP
Ida'an Begak mə-nalaʔ to forbid
Toba Batak ma-nala-hon accuse someone, find fault with
Ngaju Dayak ma-ñalaʔ accuse someone
Balinese ñalah do wrong, commit a fault, be guilty; sin

Also Malagasy nala ‘a moral defect, a vice’.

PPh mapa-salaq (gloss uncertain) ⇫

WMP
Yami mapá-sala cause to deviate, cause to get off the course
Sangir mapa-ka-saḷa to condemn, put in the wrong
Mongondow mopo-taḷaʔ to accuse

PWMP maR-salaq make a mistake, commit an error, be wrong about something ⇫

WMP
Itbayaten mi-sala to fail
Hanunóo saláʔ mistake, error
Hiligaynon mag-saláʔ to make a mistake, commit an error
Tausug mag-sāʔ to commit a mistake, error or fault, have a flaw; err, miss the mark, be wrong
Acehnese meu-salah sprained (as an ankle)
Toba Batak mar-sala commit an error, make a mistake; be faulty, defective
Bikol mag-sálaʔ to admonish, censure, reprimand, reprove, rebuke

Also Mapun mag-sāʔ ‘make a mistake; to err; to be wrong’, Yakan mag-salaʔ ‘for something to be wrong; esp. sprained, dislocated (it is used mostly of the body)’, with an affix borrowed from some Greater Central Philippines source.

PWMP ma-salaq (gloss uncertain) ⇫

WMP
Tausug ma-sāʔ commit a mistake; to suffer dislocation (of a nerve or bone), sprain oneself
Banggai ma-sala commit adultery
Bare'e ma-sala guilty; be in the wrong

PMP pa(ka)-salaq to blame, accuse of error or fault; to punish ⇫

WMP
Cebuano paka-sadʔ-un impute a fault on someone
Kadazan Dusun paka-hasaʔ to say that someone is wrong, to blame
Nias fa-sala be blemished, defective, erroneous; commit an error
Kayan pe-sala to accuse someone; to assert strong disagreement
Bare'e pa-sala a magical formula that the bearer protects in order to keep evil away
Sasak pə-salaʔ to condemn, sentence
CMP
Kambera pa-hala payment made for a transgression
SHWNG
Buli fa-sāl accuse, declare guilty; punish
Numfor fa-sár punish, condemn
OC
Tuvaluan faka-hala to punish
faka-hala-hala be repeatedly disobedient; do things wrong to amuse others
Kwaio faʔa-tala magic to clear or ward off taboos, to clear the effects of a ritual prohibition
Rennellese haka-saga to complain, as of stinginess
Samoan faʔa-sala punish, fine; condemn, sentence
faʔa-sala-ŋa punishment, sentence
Wayan vaka-cala cause something to go wrong, lead someone astray, put someone off (target, concentration); disagree with someone
Fijian vaka-cala to cause to err
vaka-cala-ka do a thing by mistake
Niue faka-hala fine, punishment, penalty; to condemn, convict, punish, sentence
Tongan faka-hala to cause to err, to mislead, delude, cause to go wrong or make a mistake; causing to err, misleading, delusive

PWMP ka-salaq-an error, mistake; fault, offense ⇫

WMP
Romblomanon ka-salʔā-nan a grievance against someone
Masbatenyo ka-sál-an sins, transgressions, sinfulness
Aklanon ka-saeʔ-án-an sinfulness; sins
Mapun ka-sa-an a fault in doing something
Kadazan Dusun ka-hasa-an (act of making a) mistake; (act of committing a) sin
Tausug ka-sā-an a fine for touching an unmarried girl
Toba Batak ha-sala-sala-an a fine with which one makes amends for wrongdoing
Sundanese ka-salah-an fall into error, be mistaken in; error, mistake
Old Javanese ka-salah-an to do wrong to; to deviate, go away from, avoid, refuse
Javanese ka-salah-an mistake; guilt; blame
Bahasa Indonesia ke-salah-an mistake, error, fault; offense
Bikol ka-saʔl-án sin; fault; guilt, offense

Also Karo Batak ke-salah-en ‘guilty’.

PWMP pa-salaq-en (gloss uncertain) ⇫

WMP
Yami pa-sala-en cause to deviate (as in mispronouncing words)
Kadazan Dusun pa-hasa-on to be blamed

PWMP s<in>alaq missed (as a target); blamed ⇫

WMP
Lun Dayeh n-alaʔ missed (as a shot)
Old Javanese s<in>alah to blame, disapprove

PWMP s<um>alaq do something wrong, make a mistake; miss the target ⇫

WMP
Itbayaten s<om>ala to fail; to go off the course
Hanunóo s<um>aláʔ to err, be wrong, make a mistake
Mapun s<um>āʔ to make a mistake; to err; to be wrong; to commit a wrongdoing
Kadazan Dusun h<um>asaʔ to make a mistake; to break the law
Tausug s<um>āʔ to commit a mistake, error or fault, have a flaw; err, miss the mark, be wrong
Lun Dayeh m-alaʔ miss the target

PWMP salaq-an to blame, assign fault to (?) ⇫

WMP
Cebuano sadʔ-an guilty, be found guilty
Maranao salaʔ-an to fine
Yakan salaʔ-an to worsen something, corrupt something, make something deteriorate
Sasak salaʔ-aŋ to blame

PMP salaq salaq (gloss uncertain) ⇫

WMP
Malagasy sala-sala middling, tolerable; doubtful, hesitating
mi-sala-sala to be in doubt, to hesitate
CMP
Rotinese sala sala faik esa on one day or another